Main Article Content
Abstract
The current study was performed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of Mentha piperita (Lamiaceae) (MPLP) and Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa (EVSP) powder on some biochemical traits and microbial content of intestines in broilers. A total of 600 referenced broiler chicks were used in this study from 1-45 days of old (duration of the experiment). The sixty chicks were randomly distributed into three groups (20 chicks per group); the MPLP group was received 2% MPLP per Kg of diet, the EVSP group 2% EVSP per Kg of diet), and the control group a normal diet. At the end of the experiment, six blood samples and six intestinal content samples were collected from six birds of each group. The aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, protein, and urea were evaluated in the blood samples of all groups. The intestinal-content bacterial-count (ICBC) of the total bacteria, coliforms, and lactobacilli was recorded for each group. The findings showed significant improvements in the levels of the tested enzymes in the EVSP group. The MPLP and EVSP groups showed a significant decrease in the serum glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides, and significant increases in the total serum protein. However, the blood urea levels were significantly higher in the EVSP while were significantly lower in the MPLP. For the ICBC, both treatment groups showed significant decreases in the total bacteria, coliforms, and lactobacilli when were compared with those from the control group. The present study showed promising effects of M. piperita and E. vesicaria in enhancing the performance of broilers with less bacterial contents.
Keywords
Broilers
Chickens
Eruca
Mentha
Poultry
Article Details
License
The authors transfer the copyrights of their papers to the Iranian Society of Ichthyology. However, the information could be used in accordance with the Creative Commons licence (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
How to Cite
AL-ZUHAIRI, Z. A., ALETHARI, I. A. M., & KHUDEIR, M. A. (2022). The effect of dietary supplementation of Mentha piperita (Lamiaceae) and Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa on some biochemical traits and intestinal bacterial content in broilers. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology, 9, 161–165. Retrieved from http://www.ijichthyol.org/index.php/iji/article/view/793
References
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Ansari, M.J.; Jasim, S.A.; Taban, T.Z.; Bokov, D.O.; Shalaby, M.N.; Al-Gazally, M.E. & Khatami, M. 2022. Anticancer drug-loading capacity of green synthesized porous magnetic iron nanocarrier and cytotoxic effects against human cancer cell line. Journal of Cluster Science 1-11.
Bell, L. & Wagstaff, C. 2019. Rocket science: A review of phytochemical & health-related research in Eruca & Diplotaxis species. Food Chemistry: X 1(3): 100002.
Bell, L.; Methven, L. & Wagstaff, C. 2017. The influence of phytochemical composition and resulting sensory attributes on preference for salad rocket (Eruca sativa) accessions by consumers of varying TAS2R38 diplotype. Food Chemistry 222(5): 6-17.
Bell, L.; Methven, L.; Signore, A.; Oruna-Concha, M.J. & Wagstaff, C. 2017. Analysis of seven salad rocket (Eruca sativa) accessions: The relationships between sensory attributes and volatile and non-volatile compounds. Food Chemistry 218(3): 181-191.
Douros, A.; Bronder, E.; Andersohn, F.; Klimpel, A.; Kreutz, R.; Garbe, E. & Bolbrinker, J. 2016. Herb-Induced liver injury in the berlin case-control surveillance study. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17(1): 114.
Gugliandolo, A.; Giacoppo, S.; Ficicchia, M.; Aliquò, A.; Bramanti, P. & Mazzon, E. 2018. Eruca sativa seed extract: A novel natural product able to counteract neuroinflammation. Molecular Medicine Reports 17(5): 6235-6244.
Gürbüz, P. 2020. An overview about Adverse hepatic effects of the plants used in Turkey. Cerrahpaşa Medicine Journal 44(3): 115-124.
Hatab, A.A.; Cavinato, M.E.R. & Lagerkvist, C.J. 2019. Urbanization, livestock systems and food security in developing countries: A systematic review of the literature. Food Security 11(2): 279-299.
Hetta, M.H.; Owis, A.I.; Haddad, P.S. & Eid, H.M. 2017. The fatty acid-rich fraction of Eruca sativa (rocket salad) leaf extract exerts antidiabetic effects in cultured skeletal muscle, adipocytes and liver cells. Pharmaceutical Biology 55(1): 810-818.
Kpomasse, C.C.; Oke, O.E.; Houndonougbo, F.M. & Tona, K. 2021. Broiler production challenges in the tropics: A review. Veterinary Medicine and Science 7(3): 842.
Olegovich Bokov, D.; Jalil, A.T.; Alsultany, F.H.; Mahmoud, M.Z.; Suksatan, W.; Chupradit, S. & Delir Kheirollahi Nezhad, P. 2022. Ir-decorated gallium nitride nanotubes as a chemical sensor for recognition of mesalamine drug: a DFT study. Molecular Simulation 1-10.
Park, Y.J.; Baek, S.A.; Choi, Y.;, Kim, J.K. & Park, S.U. 2019. Metabolic profiling of nine mentha species and prediction of their antioxidant properties using chemometrics. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 24(2): 258.
Rahimi, J., Mutua, J.Y., Notenbaert, A.M. O., Dieng, D., & Butterbach-Bahl, K. 2020. Will dairy cattle production in West Africa be challenged by heat stress in the future? Climatic Change 161(4): 665-685.
Saba, I. & Anwar, F. 2018. Effect of harvesting regions on physico-chemical and biological attributes of supercritical fluid-extracted spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) Leaves Essential Oil 21(2): 400-419.
Salehi, B.; Stojanović-Radić, Z.; Matejić, J.; Sharopov, F.; Antolak, H.; Kręgiel, D.; Sen, S.; Sharifi-Rad, M.; Acharya, K.; Sharifi-Rad, R.; Martorell, M.; Sureda, A.; Martins, N. & Sharifi-Rad, J. 2018. Plants of genus Mentha: from farm to food factory. Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 7(3): 70-105.
Souza, L.F.A.; Espinha, L.P.; Almeida, E.A. deLunedo, R.; Furlan, R.L. & Macari, M. 2016. How heat stress (continuous or cyclical) interferes with nutrient digestibility, energy and nitrogen balances and performance in broilers. Livestock Science 192(10): 39-43.
Tafrihi, M.; Imran, M.; Tufail, T.; Gondal, T.A.; Caruso, G.; Sharma, S.; Sharma, R.; Atanassova, M.; Atanassov, L.; Fokou, P.V.T. & Pezzani, R. 2021. The wonderful activities of the genus mentha: not only antioxidant properties. Molecules 26(4): 1118-1139.
Villatoro-Pulido, M.; Font, R.; Saha, S.; Obregón-Cano, S.; Anter, J.; Muñoz-Serrano, A.; De Haro-Bailón, A.; Alonso-Moraga, A. & Del Río- Celestino, M. 2012. In vivo biological activity of rocket extracts (Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa (Miller) Thell) and sulforaphane. Food and Chemical Toxicology 50(5): 1384-1392.
Zappia, A.; De Bruno, A.; Piscopo, A. & Poiana, M. 2019. Physico-chemical and microbiological quality of ready-to-eat rocket (Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.) treated with organic acids during storage in dark and light conditions. Food Science and Biotechnology 28(4): 973.
References
Ansari, M.J.; Jasim, S.A.; Taban, T.Z.; Bokov, D.O.; Shalaby, M.N.; Al-Gazally, M.E. & Khatami, M. 2022. Anticancer drug-loading capacity of green synthesized porous magnetic iron nanocarrier and cytotoxic effects against human cancer cell line. Journal of Cluster Science 1-11.
Bell, L. & Wagstaff, C. 2019. Rocket science: A review of phytochemical & health-related research in Eruca & Diplotaxis species. Food Chemistry: X 1(3): 100002.
Bell, L.; Methven, L. & Wagstaff, C. 2017. The influence of phytochemical composition and resulting sensory attributes on preference for salad rocket (Eruca sativa) accessions by consumers of varying TAS2R38 diplotype. Food Chemistry 222(5): 6-17.
Bell, L.; Methven, L.; Signore, A.; Oruna-Concha, M.J. & Wagstaff, C. 2017. Analysis of seven salad rocket (Eruca sativa) accessions: The relationships between sensory attributes and volatile and non-volatile compounds. Food Chemistry 218(3): 181-191.
Douros, A.; Bronder, E.; Andersohn, F.; Klimpel, A.; Kreutz, R.; Garbe, E. & Bolbrinker, J. 2016. Herb-Induced liver injury in the berlin case-control surveillance study. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17(1): 114.
Gugliandolo, A.; Giacoppo, S.; Ficicchia, M.; Aliquò, A.; Bramanti, P. & Mazzon, E. 2018. Eruca sativa seed extract: A novel natural product able to counteract neuroinflammation. Molecular Medicine Reports 17(5): 6235-6244.
Gürbüz, P. 2020. An overview about Adverse hepatic effects of the plants used in Turkey. Cerrahpaşa Medicine Journal 44(3): 115-124.
Hatab, A.A.; Cavinato, M.E.R. & Lagerkvist, C.J. 2019. Urbanization, livestock systems and food security in developing countries: A systematic review of the literature. Food Security 11(2): 279-299.
Hetta, M.H.; Owis, A.I.; Haddad, P.S. & Eid, H.M. 2017. The fatty acid-rich fraction of Eruca sativa (rocket salad) leaf extract exerts antidiabetic effects in cultured skeletal muscle, adipocytes and liver cells. Pharmaceutical Biology 55(1): 810-818.
Kpomasse, C.C.; Oke, O.E.; Houndonougbo, F.M. & Tona, K. 2021. Broiler production challenges in the tropics: A review. Veterinary Medicine and Science 7(3): 842.
Olegovich Bokov, D.; Jalil, A.T.; Alsultany, F.H.; Mahmoud, M.Z.; Suksatan, W.; Chupradit, S. & Delir Kheirollahi Nezhad, P. 2022. Ir-decorated gallium nitride nanotubes as a chemical sensor for recognition of mesalamine drug: a DFT study. Molecular Simulation 1-10.
Park, Y.J.; Baek, S.A.; Choi, Y.;, Kim, J.K. & Park, S.U. 2019. Metabolic profiling of nine mentha species and prediction of their antioxidant properties using chemometrics. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 24(2): 258.
Rahimi, J., Mutua, J.Y., Notenbaert, A.M. O., Dieng, D., & Butterbach-Bahl, K. 2020. Will dairy cattle production in West Africa be challenged by heat stress in the future? Climatic Change 161(4): 665-685.
Saba, I. & Anwar, F. 2018. Effect of harvesting regions on physico-chemical and biological attributes of supercritical fluid-extracted spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) Leaves Essential Oil 21(2): 400-419.
Salehi, B.; Stojanović-Radić, Z.; Matejić, J.; Sharopov, F.; Antolak, H.; Kręgiel, D.; Sen, S.; Sharifi-Rad, M.; Acharya, K.; Sharifi-Rad, R.; Martorell, M.; Sureda, A.; Martins, N. & Sharifi-Rad, J. 2018. Plants of genus Mentha: from farm to food factory. Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 7(3): 70-105.
Souza, L.F.A.; Espinha, L.P.; Almeida, E.A. deLunedo, R.; Furlan, R.L. & Macari, M. 2016. How heat stress (continuous or cyclical) interferes with nutrient digestibility, energy and nitrogen balances and performance in broilers. Livestock Science 192(10): 39-43.
Tafrihi, M.; Imran, M.; Tufail, T.; Gondal, T.A.; Caruso, G.; Sharma, S.; Sharma, R.; Atanassova, M.; Atanassov, L.; Fokou, P.V.T. & Pezzani, R. 2021. The wonderful activities of the genus mentha: not only antioxidant properties. Molecules 26(4): 1118-1139.
Villatoro-Pulido, M.; Font, R.; Saha, S.; Obregón-Cano, S.; Anter, J.; Muñoz-Serrano, A.; De Haro-Bailón, A.; Alonso-Moraga, A. & Del Río- Celestino, M. 2012. In vivo biological activity of rocket extracts (Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa (Miller) Thell) and sulforaphane. Food and Chemical Toxicology 50(5): 1384-1392.
Zappia, A.; De Bruno, A.; Piscopo, A. & Poiana, M. 2019. Physico-chemical and microbiological quality of ready-to-eat rocket (Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.) treated with organic acids during storage in dark and light conditions. Food Science and Biotechnology 28(4): 973.
Bell, L. & Wagstaff, C. 2019. Rocket science: A review of phytochemical & health-related research in Eruca & Diplotaxis species. Food Chemistry: X 1(3): 100002.
Bell, L.; Methven, L. & Wagstaff, C. 2017. The influence of phytochemical composition and resulting sensory attributes on preference for salad rocket (Eruca sativa) accessions by consumers of varying TAS2R38 diplotype. Food Chemistry 222(5): 6-17.
Bell, L.; Methven, L.; Signore, A.; Oruna-Concha, M.J. & Wagstaff, C. 2017. Analysis of seven salad rocket (Eruca sativa) accessions: The relationships between sensory attributes and volatile and non-volatile compounds. Food Chemistry 218(3): 181-191.
Douros, A.; Bronder, E.; Andersohn, F.; Klimpel, A.; Kreutz, R.; Garbe, E. & Bolbrinker, J. 2016. Herb-Induced liver injury in the berlin case-control surveillance study. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17(1): 114.
Gugliandolo, A.; Giacoppo, S.; Ficicchia, M.; Aliquò, A.; Bramanti, P. & Mazzon, E. 2018. Eruca sativa seed extract: A novel natural product able to counteract neuroinflammation. Molecular Medicine Reports 17(5): 6235-6244.
Gürbüz, P. 2020. An overview about Adverse hepatic effects of the plants used in Turkey. Cerrahpaşa Medicine Journal 44(3): 115-124.
Hatab, A.A.; Cavinato, M.E.R. & Lagerkvist, C.J. 2019. Urbanization, livestock systems and food security in developing countries: A systematic review of the literature. Food Security 11(2): 279-299.
Hetta, M.H.; Owis, A.I.; Haddad, P.S. & Eid, H.M. 2017. The fatty acid-rich fraction of Eruca sativa (rocket salad) leaf extract exerts antidiabetic effects in cultured skeletal muscle, adipocytes and liver cells. Pharmaceutical Biology 55(1): 810-818.
Kpomasse, C.C.; Oke, O.E.; Houndonougbo, F.M. & Tona, K. 2021. Broiler production challenges in the tropics: A review. Veterinary Medicine and Science 7(3): 842.
Olegovich Bokov, D.; Jalil, A.T.; Alsultany, F.H.; Mahmoud, M.Z.; Suksatan, W.; Chupradit, S. & Delir Kheirollahi Nezhad, P. 2022. Ir-decorated gallium nitride nanotubes as a chemical sensor for recognition of mesalamine drug: a DFT study. Molecular Simulation 1-10.
Park, Y.J.; Baek, S.A.; Choi, Y.;, Kim, J.K. & Park, S.U. 2019. Metabolic profiling of nine mentha species and prediction of their antioxidant properties using chemometrics. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 24(2): 258.
Rahimi, J., Mutua, J.Y., Notenbaert, A.M. O., Dieng, D., & Butterbach-Bahl, K. 2020. Will dairy cattle production in West Africa be challenged by heat stress in the future? Climatic Change 161(4): 665-685.
Saba, I. & Anwar, F. 2018. Effect of harvesting regions on physico-chemical and biological attributes of supercritical fluid-extracted spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) Leaves Essential Oil 21(2): 400-419.
Salehi, B.; Stojanović-Radić, Z.; Matejić, J.; Sharopov, F.; Antolak, H.; Kręgiel, D.; Sen, S.; Sharifi-Rad, M.; Acharya, K.; Sharifi-Rad, R.; Martorell, M.; Sureda, A.; Martins, N. & Sharifi-Rad, J. 2018. Plants of genus Mentha: from farm to food factory. Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 7(3): 70-105.
Souza, L.F.A.; Espinha, L.P.; Almeida, E.A. deLunedo, R.; Furlan, R.L. & Macari, M. 2016. How heat stress (continuous or cyclical) interferes with nutrient digestibility, energy and nitrogen balances and performance in broilers. Livestock Science 192(10): 39-43.
Tafrihi, M.; Imran, M.; Tufail, T.; Gondal, T.A.; Caruso, G.; Sharma, S.; Sharma, R.; Atanassova, M.; Atanassov, L.; Fokou, P.V.T. & Pezzani, R. 2021. The wonderful activities of the genus mentha: not only antioxidant properties. Molecules 26(4): 1118-1139.
Villatoro-Pulido, M.; Font, R.; Saha, S.; Obregón-Cano, S.; Anter, J.; Muñoz-Serrano, A.; De Haro-Bailón, A.; Alonso-Moraga, A. & Del Río- Celestino, M. 2012. In vivo biological activity of rocket extracts (Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa (Miller) Thell) and sulforaphane. Food and Chemical Toxicology 50(5): 1384-1392.
Zappia, A.; De Bruno, A.; Piscopo, A. & Poiana, M. 2019. Physico-chemical and microbiological quality of ready-to-eat rocket (Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.) treated with organic acids during storage in dark and light conditions. Food Science and Biotechnology 28(4): 973.