Main Article Content
Abstract
Fisheries is one of the main divisions in the Omani economy, providing about 54968 direct employment in 2020, and the costal sardine fisheries make a major contribution to the country's income. In this study, the fluctuations in abundance of the sardines especially Indian oil sardine Sardinella longiceps, a tropical small pelagic clupeid fish, was investigated during the years 1995 to 2020 in Oman. The results reveal that Oman fisheries including sardine stocks show fluctuations during the last 26 years (1995-2020), showing two periods of recession (1995-2011) and upturn (2012-2020). In the second period, small pelagic landings, mainly sardines, increased dramatically in Oman starting from 2012 (about 70,697 t), reaching a peak of 530,022 t in 2020. This reveals that the Omani small pelagics were heavily targeted during the last 10 years. However, so far, the small pelagic fisheries are not managed and there is a need for an urgent conservation and recovery plan before it is too late. In India, sardine landings were reported as high as a half million tones before it dropped to less than 55 thousand tons only in 2012, a scenario that could repeat itself in Oman in near future. To overcome this, sardine landings must be maintained according to the identified sardine’s biomass per given region, fishing effort must be carefully controlled and defined via a licensing system, sardine fishery must be closed every three years for at least one year to allow a fully recovery sardine stocks, reproductive biology, population dynamics and food and feeding habits of sardines should be studied in details and population size of jellyfishes which are larval and young fish predators of sardines should be monitored.
Keywords
Marine fisheries
Clupeid fishes
Fish production fluctuation
Omani economy
Article Details
License
The authors transfer the copyrights of their papers to the Iranian Society of Ichthyology. However, the information could be used in accordance with the Creative Commons licence (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
How to Cite
AL JUFAILI, S. M. (2021). Decadal status of sardine fishery in Oman: Contribution of the Omani-Indian Oil sardine Sardinella longiceps Valenciennes, 1847 (Teleostei: Clupeidae). Iranian Journal of Ichthyology, 8(4), 271–285. https://doi.org/10.22034/iji.v8i4.717
References
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Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S. 1995. Marine species of the Sultanate of Oman. Marine Science and Fisheries Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Sultanate of Oman, Publication No. 46/95, 412p.
Al-Jufaili, S. M.; Al-Azri, A.R. & Al-Shuaily, S. S. 2006. A preliminary investigation on the Omani sardines and anchovies stock fluctuation; recommendations for future studies. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 9(6): 1073-1082.
Al-Jufaili, S.M. 2007. Conceptual model for sardine and anchovy inverse cyclic behavior in abundance. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment 5(1): 317-327.
Al Jufaili, S.M.; Hermosa, G.; Al-Shuaily, S.S. & Al Mujaini, A. 2010. Oman fish biodiversity. Journal of King Abdulaziz University, Marine Science 21: 3-51
Al-Anbouri, S.; Ambak, M.A. & Jayabalan, N. 2011. Studies on the age, growth and mortality rates of Indian oil sardine, Sardinella longiceps Valenciennes, 1847 off Oman Sea, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare 1(4): 2224-3208.
Al Jufaili, S.M. & Piontkovski, S.A. 2020. Seasonal and interannual variations of sardine catches along the Omani coast. International Journal of Oceans and Oceanography 13(2): 427-454
FAO. 2020. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020. Sustainability in action. Rome.
Frimodt, C. 1995. Multilingual Illustrated Guide to the World's Commercial Warmwater Fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215p.
GoSO (Government of Sultanate of Oman). 2003. Fisheries Statistics Book 2003, Directorate General of Planning and investment Promotion, Statistics and Information Dept., Sultanate of Oman.
GoSO (Government of Sultanate of Oman. 2009. Fishery Statistics book 2009. Fisheries Statistics and Information Dep., Directorate General of Fisheries Research, Oman.
Kripa, V., Prema, D.; Jeyabaskaran, R.; L. Khambadkar, R.; Nandakumar, A.; Anilkumar, P.S.; Ambrose, T.; Bose, V.; Preetha, J.; G.N. & Pillai, V.N.; 2015. Inter-annual variations of selected oceanographic parameters and its relation to fishery of small pelagics off Kochi, southwest coast of India. Journal of Marine Biological Association of India 57(2): 1861-1878.
Kripa, V.; Kolliyil, M.; Koya, K.P.S.; Jeyabaskaran, R.; Prema, D.; Padua, S.; Kuriakose, S.; Anilkumar, P.S.; Preetha, G.N.; Ambrose, T.V.; Dhanya, A.M.; Abhilash, K.S.; Bose, J.; Divya, N.D.; Shara, A.S. & Vishnu, P.G. 2018. Overfishing and climate drives changes in biology and recruitment of the Indian Oil Sardine Sardinella longiceps in the southern Arabian Sea. Frontiers in Marine Science 5: 443.
Krishnakumar, P.K.; Mohamed, K.S.; Asokan, P.K.; Sathianandan, T.V.; Zacharia, P.U.; Abdulrahiman, K.P.; Shettigar, V. & Durgekar, R.N 2008. How environmental parameters influenced fluctuations in oil sardine and mackerel fishery during 1926-2005 along the couthwest coast of India? Marine Fisheries Information Service T & E Series 198: 1-5.
Mahrus, H.; Zulkifli, L.; Rasmi, D.A. & Sedijani, P. 2020. Preparation and quality evaluation of sardines sauce rich in omega-3 using the combination of pineapple fruit extracts and fermentation times. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020: 1-10.
Peck, M.A.; Reglero, P.; Takahashi, M. & Catalan, I.A. 2013. Life cycle ecophysiology of small pelagic fish and climate-driven changes in populations. Progress in Oceanography 116: 220-245.
Prakasan, D.; Jinesh, P.T.; Beni, N.; Rema, K.V. & Ganga. U. 2015 Oil sardine from Oman enter fish markets of Kerala. Marine Fisheries Information Service T & E Series 223 & 224: 24-25.
Purusothaman, S.; Silambarasan, A.; Jayaprabha, N. & Murugesan, P. 2014. Feeding strategies and diet composition of oil sardine Sardinella longiceps Valenciennes 1847 in the trawl bycatches off Parangipettai, southeast Coast of India. Asian Fisheries Science 27: 137-148.
Rose, K.A.; Gutierrez, D.; Breitburg, D.L.; Conley, D.; Craig, J.; Kevin, F.; Halley, E.; Jeyabaskaran, R.; Kripa, V.; Mbaye, B.C.; Mohamed, K.S.; Padua, S.; Prema, D. 2019. Impacts of Ocean Deoxygenation on Fisheries in Ocean Deoxygenation: Everyone's problem, edited by Laffoley, D. & Baxter, J. M. 519-544. IUCN.
Sommer, C.; Schneider, W. & Poutiers, J.M. 1996. FAO Species Identification Field Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of Somalia FAO, Rome. 376p.
Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985. Species Catalogue. Clupeoid Fishes of the World (Suborder Clupeoidei). An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of the Herrings, Sardines, Pilchards, Sprats, Shads, Anchovies and Wolf-Herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.
Zaki, S.; Jayabalan, N.; Al-Marzouqi, A.; Al-Kiyumi, F. & Al-Anboori I. 2021. Reproduction and Feeding of the Indian Oil Sardine Sardinella longiceps Val. from Mahout along the Arabian Sea Coast of Oman. In: Jawad L.A. (eds) The Arabian Seas: Biodiversity, Environmental Challenges and Conservation Measures. Springer, Cham.
References
Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S. 1995. Marine species of the Sultanate of Oman. Marine Science and Fisheries Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Sultanate of Oman, Publication No. 46/95, 412p.
Al-Jufaili, S. M.; Al-Azri, A.R. & Al-Shuaily, S. S. 2006. A preliminary investigation on the Omani sardines and anchovies stock fluctuation; recommendations for future studies. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 9(6): 1073-1082.
Al-Jufaili, S.M. 2007. Conceptual model for sardine and anchovy inverse cyclic behavior in abundance. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment 5(1): 317-327.
Al Jufaili, S.M.; Hermosa, G.; Al-Shuaily, S.S. & Al Mujaini, A. 2010. Oman fish biodiversity. Journal of King Abdulaziz University, Marine Science 21: 3-51
Al-Anbouri, S.; Ambak, M.A. & Jayabalan, N. 2011. Studies on the age, growth and mortality rates of Indian oil sardine, Sardinella longiceps Valenciennes, 1847 off Oman Sea, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare 1(4): 2224-3208.
Al Jufaili, S.M. & Piontkovski, S.A. 2020. Seasonal and interannual variations of sardine catches along the Omani coast. International Journal of Oceans and Oceanography 13(2): 427-454
FAO. 2020. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020. Sustainability in action. Rome.
Frimodt, C. 1995. Multilingual Illustrated Guide to the World's Commercial Warmwater Fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215p.
GoSO (Government of Sultanate of Oman). 2003. Fisheries Statistics Book 2003, Directorate General of Planning and investment Promotion, Statistics and Information Dept., Sultanate of Oman.
GoSO (Government of Sultanate of Oman. 2009. Fishery Statistics book 2009. Fisheries Statistics and Information Dep., Directorate General of Fisheries Research, Oman.
Kripa, V., Prema, D.; Jeyabaskaran, R.; L. Khambadkar, R.; Nandakumar, A.; Anilkumar, P.S.; Ambrose, T.; Bose, V.; Preetha, J.; G.N. & Pillai, V.N.; 2015. Inter-annual variations of selected oceanographic parameters and its relation to fishery of small pelagics off Kochi, southwest coast of India. Journal of Marine Biological Association of India 57(2): 1861-1878.
Kripa, V.; Kolliyil, M.; Koya, K.P.S.; Jeyabaskaran, R.; Prema, D.; Padua, S.; Kuriakose, S.; Anilkumar, P.S.; Preetha, G.N.; Ambrose, T.V.; Dhanya, A.M.; Abhilash, K.S.; Bose, J.; Divya, N.D.; Shara, A.S. & Vishnu, P.G. 2018. Overfishing and climate drives changes in biology and recruitment of the Indian Oil Sardine Sardinella longiceps in the southern Arabian Sea. Frontiers in Marine Science 5: 443.
Krishnakumar, P.K.; Mohamed, K.S.; Asokan, P.K.; Sathianandan, T.V.; Zacharia, P.U.; Abdulrahiman, K.P.; Shettigar, V. & Durgekar, R.N 2008. How environmental parameters influenced fluctuations in oil sardine and mackerel fishery during 1926-2005 along the couthwest coast of India? Marine Fisheries Information Service T & E Series 198: 1-5.
Mahrus, H.; Zulkifli, L.; Rasmi, D.A. & Sedijani, P. 2020. Preparation and quality evaluation of sardines sauce rich in omega-3 using the combination of pineapple fruit extracts and fermentation times. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020: 1-10.
Peck, M.A.; Reglero, P.; Takahashi, M. & Catalan, I.A. 2013. Life cycle ecophysiology of small pelagic fish and climate-driven changes in populations. Progress in Oceanography 116: 220-245.
Prakasan, D.; Jinesh, P.T.; Beni, N.; Rema, K.V. & Ganga. U. 2015 Oil sardine from Oman enter fish markets of Kerala. Marine Fisheries Information Service T & E Series 223 & 224: 24-25.
Purusothaman, S.; Silambarasan, A.; Jayaprabha, N. & Murugesan, P. 2014. Feeding strategies and diet composition of oil sardine Sardinella longiceps Valenciennes 1847 in the trawl bycatches off Parangipettai, southeast Coast of India. Asian Fisheries Science 27: 137-148.
Rose, K.A.; Gutierrez, D.; Breitburg, D.L.; Conley, D.; Craig, J.; Kevin, F.; Halley, E.; Jeyabaskaran, R.; Kripa, V.; Mbaye, B.C.; Mohamed, K.S.; Padua, S.; Prema, D. 2019. Impacts of Ocean Deoxygenation on Fisheries in Ocean Deoxygenation: Everyone's problem, edited by Laffoley, D. & Baxter, J. M. 519-544. IUCN.
Sommer, C.; Schneider, W. & Poutiers, J.M. 1996. FAO Species Identification Field Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of Somalia FAO, Rome. 376p.
Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985. Species Catalogue. Clupeoid Fishes of the World (Suborder Clupeoidei). An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of the Herrings, Sardines, Pilchards, Sprats, Shads, Anchovies and Wolf-Herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.
Zaki, S.; Jayabalan, N.; Al-Marzouqi, A.; Al-Kiyumi, F. & Al-Anboori I. 2021. Reproduction and Feeding of the Indian Oil Sardine Sardinella longiceps Val. from Mahout along the Arabian Sea Coast of Oman. In: Jawad L.A. (eds) The Arabian Seas: Biodiversity, Environmental Challenges and Conservation Measures. Springer, Cham.
Al-Jufaili, S. M.; Al-Azri, A.R. & Al-Shuaily, S. S. 2006. A preliminary investigation on the Omani sardines and anchovies stock fluctuation; recommendations for future studies. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 9(6): 1073-1082.
Al-Jufaili, S.M. 2007. Conceptual model for sardine and anchovy inverse cyclic behavior in abundance. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment 5(1): 317-327.
Al Jufaili, S.M.; Hermosa, G.; Al-Shuaily, S.S. & Al Mujaini, A. 2010. Oman fish biodiversity. Journal of King Abdulaziz University, Marine Science 21: 3-51
Al-Anbouri, S.; Ambak, M.A. & Jayabalan, N. 2011. Studies on the age, growth and mortality rates of Indian oil sardine, Sardinella longiceps Valenciennes, 1847 off Oman Sea, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare 1(4): 2224-3208.
Al Jufaili, S.M. & Piontkovski, S.A. 2020. Seasonal and interannual variations of sardine catches along the Omani coast. International Journal of Oceans and Oceanography 13(2): 427-454
FAO. 2020. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020. Sustainability in action. Rome.
Frimodt, C. 1995. Multilingual Illustrated Guide to the World's Commercial Warmwater Fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215p.
GoSO (Government of Sultanate of Oman). 2003. Fisheries Statistics Book 2003, Directorate General of Planning and investment Promotion, Statistics and Information Dept., Sultanate of Oman.
GoSO (Government of Sultanate of Oman. 2009. Fishery Statistics book 2009. Fisheries Statistics and Information Dep., Directorate General of Fisheries Research, Oman.
Kripa, V., Prema, D.; Jeyabaskaran, R.; L. Khambadkar, R.; Nandakumar, A.; Anilkumar, P.S.; Ambrose, T.; Bose, V.; Preetha, J.; G.N. & Pillai, V.N.; 2015. Inter-annual variations of selected oceanographic parameters and its relation to fishery of small pelagics off Kochi, southwest coast of India. Journal of Marine Biological Association of India 57(2): 1861-1878.
Kripa, V.; Kolliyil, M.; Koya, K.P.S.; Jeyabaskaran, R.; Prema, D.; Padua, S.; Kuriakose, S.; Anilkumar, P.S.; Preetha, G.N.; Ambrose, T.V.; Dhanya, A.M.; Abhilash, K.S.; Bose, J.; Divya, N.D.; Shara, A.S. & Vishnu, P.G. 2018. Overfishing and climate drives changes in biology and recruitment of the Indian Oil Sardine Sardinella longiceps in the southern Arabian Sea. Frontiers in Marine Science 5: 443.
Krishnakumar, P.K.; Mohamed, K.S.; Asokan, P.K.; Sathianandan, T.V.; Zacharia, P.U.; Abdulrahiman, K.P.; Shettigar, V. & Durgekar, R.N 2008. How environmental parameters influenced fluctuations in oil sardine and mackerel fishery during 1926-2005 along the couthwest coast of India? Marine Fisheries Information Service T & E Series 198: 1-5.
Mahrus, H.; Zulkifli, L.; Rasmi, D.A. & Sedijani, P. 2020. Preparation and quality evaluation of sardines sauce rich in omega-3 using the combination of pineapple fruit extracts and fermentation times. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020: 1-10.
Peck, M.A.; Reglero, P.; Takahashi, M. & Catalan, I.A. 2013. Life cycle ecophysiology of small pelagic fish and climate-driven changes in populations. Progress in Oceanography 116: 220-245.
Prakasan, D.; Jinesh, P.T.; Beni, N.; Rema, K.V. & Ganga. U. 2015 Oil sardine from Oman enter fish markets of Kerala. Marine Fisheries Information Service T & E Series 223 & 224: 24-25.
Purusothaman, S.; Silambarasan, A.; Jayaprabha, N. & Murugesan, P. 2014. Feeding strategies and diet composition of oil sardine Sardinella longiceps Valenciennes 1847 in the trawl bycatches off Parangipettai, southeast Coast of India. Asian Fisheries Science 27: 137-148.
Rose, K.A.; Gutierrez, D.; Breitburg, D.L.; Conley, D.; Craig, J.; Kevin, F.; Halley, E.; Jeyabaskaran, R.; Kripa, V.; Mbaye, B.C.; Mohamed, K.S.; Padua, S.; Prema, D. 2019. Impacts of Ocean Deoxygenation on Fisheries in Ocean Deoxygenation: Everyone's problem, edited by Laffoley, D. & Baxter, J. M. 519-544. IUCN.
Sommer, C.; Schneider, W. & Poutiers, J.M. 1996. FAO Species Identification Field Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of Somalia FAO, Rome. 376p.
Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985. Species Catalogue. Clupeoid Fishes of the World (Suborder Clupeoidei). An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of the Herrings, Sardines, Pilchards, Sprats, Shads, Anchovies and Wolf-Herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.
Zaki, S.; Jayabalan, N.; Al-Marzouqi, A.; Al-Kiyumi, F. & Al-Anboori I. 2021. Reproduction and Feeding of the Indian Oil Sardine Sardinella longiceps Val. from Mahout along the Arabian Sea Coast of Oman. In: Jawad L.A. (eds) The Arabian Seas: Biodiversity, Environmental Challenges and Conservation Measures. Springer, Cham.