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Abstract
This study investigated the age and growth of Chondrostoma regium in upstream of the Zayandeh River by using different calcified structures (i.e. scale, otolith and vertebra). Also, the potential variability of age and growth estimates derived from different structures and their competency for further applications in population and life history studies of this species were statistically evaluated and compared. Based on the aging performed by using different calcified structures, C. regium specimens composed of 4 age groups of 2 to 5 years. Considering all aging structures (i.e., scale, otolith and vertebra) the major proportion of the sample was those within the age groups of 3 and 4. The von Bertalanffy’s growth models of C. regium was fitted separately for the data derived from each of the aging structures. Among all the fitted models, the scale-based model showed the smallest measures of the information criteria with AIC=296.88 and SBC=300.86. Based on all the statistical indices for model comparison, the von Bertalanffy’s growth model using the direct scale-based observations showed the most reliability and the best performance for growth parameters estimation of C. regium in this study. Hence, for C. regium inhabiting upstream of the Zayandeh River the most statistically sound von Bertalanffy’s growth equation could be written as Lt=303 (1-e–0.11 ( t–(-0.34))). Given the importance of growth studies in effective management and conservation of native fish populations as well as considering the highly changing and under pressure environment of the Zayandeh River, our study attempted to provide updated information on growth characteristics of C. regium in this aquatic ecosystem. The results of this study may help to improve our understanding of its population dynamics and may provide help in designing better conservational plans for this native species.
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The authors transfer the copyrights of their papers to the Iranian Society of Ichthyology. However, the information could be used in accordance with the Creative Commons licence (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
References
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Bateni, F.; Fakheran, S. & Soffianian, A. 2013. Assessment of land cover changes and water quality changes in the Zayandehroud River Basin between1997–2008. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 185(12): 10511-10519.
Blackwell, B.G.; Kaufman, T.M. & Moos, T.S. 2016. An assessment of calcified structures for estimating northern pike ages. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 36(4): 964-974.
Francis, R. 1990. Back‐calculation of fish length: a critical review. Journal of Fish Biology 36(6): 883-902.
Gilannejad, N.; Dorafshan, S.; Heyrati, F.P.; Soofiani, N.M.; Asadollah, S.; Martos-Sitcha, J.A.; Prat, F.; Yúfera, M. & Martínez-Rodríguez, G. 2016. Vitellogenin expression in wild cyprinid Petroleuciscus esfahani as a biomarker of endocrine disruption along the Zayandehrud River, Iran. Chemosphere 144: 1342-1350.
Johal, M.S.; Esmaeili, H.R. & Tandon, K.K. 2001. A comparison of back-calculated lengths of silver carp derived from bony structures. Journal of Fish Biology 59(6): 1483-1493.
Keivany, Y.; Mortazavi, S.S. & Farhadian, O. 2018. Age and growth of brond-snout, Chondrostoma regium in Beheshtabad River of Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari Province of Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 5(1): 30-42.
Khan, M.A. & Khan, S. 2009. Comparison of age estimates from scale, opercular bone, otolith, vertebrae and dorsal fin ray in Labeo rohita (Hamilton), Catla catla (Hamilton) and Channa marulius (Hamilton). Fisheries Research 100(3): 255-259.
Kiani, F.; Keivany, Y. & Paykan-Heyrati, F. 2016. Age and growth of king nase, Condrostoma regium (Cyprinidae), from Bibi-Sayyedan River of Semirom, Isfahan. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 15(3): 1214-1223.
Ma, B.; Xie, C.; Huo, B.; Yang, X. & Li, P. 2011. Age validation, and comparison of otolith, vertebra and opercular bone for estimating age of Schizothorax o’connori in the Yarlung Tsangpo River, Tibet. Environmental Biology of Fishes 90(2): 159-169.
Mahboobi Soofiani, N.; Pooramini, M.; Asadollah Nasrabadi, S.; Ahmadi, S. & Hatami, R. 2014. Age, growth and reproduction of Chondrostoma regium (Heckel, 1843) from the Zayandehrud River, Iran. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 13(4): 810-822.
Schwarz, G. 1978. Estimating the dimension of a model. The Annals of Statistics 6(2): 461-464.
Varnosfaderany, M.N.; Mirghaffary, N.; Ebrahimi, E. & Soffianian, A. 2009. Water quality assessment in an arid region using a water quality index. Water Science and Technology 60(9): 2319-2327.
References
Bateni, F.; Fakheran, S. & Soffianian, A. 2013. Assessment of land cover changes and water quality changes in the Zayandehroud River Basin between1997–2008. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 185(12): 10511-10519.
Blackwell, B.G.; Kaufman, T.M. & Moos, T.S. 2016. An assessment of calcified structures for estimating northern pike ages. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 36(4): 964-974.
Francis, R. 1990. Back‐calculation of fish length: a critical review. Journal of Fish Biology 36(6): 883-902.
Gilannejad, N.; Dorafshan, S.; Heyrati, F.P.; Soofiani, N.M.; Asadollah, S.; Martos-Sitcha, J.A.; Prat, F.; Yúfera, M. & Martínez-Rodríguez, G. 2016. Vitellogenin expression in wild cyprinid Petroleuciscus esfahani as a biomarker of endocrine disruption along the Zayandehrud River, Iran. Chemosphere 144: 1342-1350.
Johal, M.S.; Esmaeili, H.R. & Tandon, K.K. 2001. A comparison of back-calculated lengths of silver carp derived from bony structures. Journal of Fish Biology 59(6): 1483-1493.
Keivany, Y.; Mortazavi, S.S. & Farhadian, O. 2018. Age and growth of brond-snout, Chondrostoma regium in Beheshtabad River of Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari Province of Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 5(1): 30-42.
Khan, M.A. & Khan, S. 2009. Comparison of age estimates from scale, opercular bone, otolith, vertebrae and dorsal fin ray in Labeo rohita (Hamilton), Catla catla (Hamilton) and Channa marulius (Hamilton). Fisheries Research 100(3): 255-259.
Kiani, F.; Keivany, Y. & Paykan-Heyrati, F. 2016. Age and growth of king nase, Condrostoma regium (Cyprinidae), from Bibi-Sayyedan River of Semirom, Isfahan. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 15(3): 1214-1223.
Ma, B.; Xie, C.; Huo, B.; Yang, X. & Li, P. 2011. Age validation, and comparison of otolith, vertebra and opercular bone for estimating age of Schizothorax o’connori in the Yarlung Tsangpo River, Tibet. Environmental Biology of Fishes 90(2): 159-169.
Mahboobi Soofiani, N.; Pooramini, M.; Asadollah Nasrabadi, S.; Ahmadi, S. & Hatami, R. 2014. Age, growth and reproduction of Chondrostoma regium (Heckel, 1843) from the Zayandehrud River, Iran. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 13(4): 810-822.
Schwarz, G. 1978. Estimating the dimension of a model. The Annals of Statistics 6(2): 461-464.
Varnosfaderany, M.N.; Mirghaffary, N.; Ebrahimi, E. & Soffianian, A. 2009. Water quality assessment in an arid region using a water quality index. Water Science and Technology 60(9): 2319-2327.