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Abstract

The genus Garra of Cyprinidae family comprises of 170 species inhabiting in the subtropical and tropical regions of Africa, Asia and Middle-eastern countries. The genus is specialized in having lower lip modified into mental adhesive disc which help the fishes in thriving fast flowing mountain streams. This study provides a comprehensive osteological description of Garra arunachalensis by using double staining method for skeletal visualization. Twenty specimens were used to study the structures of neurocranium, infraorbital series, branchial apparatus, axial skeleton, and fin structures of the species. Comparative analysis with congeners revealed similarities in neurocranium, branchial apparatus and pectoral and pelvic radial bones with species like G. mullya, G. annandalei and G. rossica while some notable differences were also found in hypural plates of caudal fin skeleton, number of axial skeletons, fin ray counts and infraorbital elements with the species like G. persica. The findings will underscore the utility of osteological characters in resolving taxonomic and phylogenetic complexities within the genus Garra for further systematics and evolutionary investigations.

Keywords

Axial skeleton Garra arunachalensis Neurocranium Osteology. Taxonomy Upper Brahmaputra Basin

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

The authors transfer the copyrights of their papers to the Iranian Society of Ichthyology. However, the information could be used in accordance with the Creative Commons licence (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Author Biographies

Mintumoni PEGU, Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh - 786004, Assam.

Research Scholar

Bijoy NEOG, Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh - 786004, Assam.

Professor

How to Cite
PEGU, M., GOGOI, S. G., SINGH, M. K., & NEOG, B. (2026). Taxonomical perspective of osteological features in <i>Garra arunachalensis</i> (Nebeshwar & Vishwanath, 2013), a native hill stream fish of upper Brahmaputra basin, India. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology, 12(4), 300–311. https://doi.org/10.22034/iji.v12i4.1093
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