Main Article Content
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the parasite fauna of Chub, Squalius turcicus De Filippi, 1865 from the Siah, Neka and Haraz rivers of the Southern Caspian Sea basin in Iran, during 2015. Individuals of S. turcicus were caught by nets during the spring to winter of 2015. Fish were transferred to specific laboratory alive and then were used for parasitological investigations. Total percentage of parasites infection of Chub in the Haraz, Siah and Neka rivers were 48.7, 71.8 and 57.4%, respectively. Different parasite species including monogenean (Gyrodactylus mutabilitas, Dactylogyrus vistulae and Paradiplozoon), protozoa (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and Trichodina sp.) and myxozoa (Myxobolus muelleri) were identified in the fish gill, intestine and skin. Significant differences were observed in the parasites’ prevalence among the rivers and seasons. Such differences may be due to impact of environmental conditions, especially water quality, on fish parasite fauna. This is the first report of M. muelleri in the intestine of S. turcicus in Iran.
Keywords
Fish
Disease
Monogenean
Protozoa
Myxozoa.
Article Details
License
The authors transfer the copyrights of their papers to the Iranian Society of Ichthyology. However, the information could be used in accordance with the Creative Commons licence (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
How to Cite
TAHERI MIRGHAED, A., EBRAHIMZADEH MOUSAVI, H., MOEINI JAZANI, M., RAHMATI- HOLASOO, H., & BOZORGNIA, A. (2018). Parasite fauna of Chub, Squalius turcicus De Filippi, 1865 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from some rivers of the Southern Caspian Sea basin in Iran. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology, 5(2), 109–117. https://doi.org/10.22034/iji.v5i2.256
References
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Balestrieri, A.; Prigioni, C.; Remonti, L.; Sgrosso, S. & Priore, G. 2006. Feeding ecology of Leuciscus cephalus and Rutilus rubilio in southern Italy. Italian Journal of Zoology 73: 129-135.
Barber, I. & Dingemanse, N.J. 2010. Parasitism and the evolutionary ecology of animal personality. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 365: 4077-4088.
Biswas, J. & Pramanik, S. 2016. Assessment of aquatic environmental quality using Gyrodactylus sp. as a living probe. Journal of Advance Environ Health Research 9(4): 219-226.
Chapman, J.M.; Marcogliese, D.J.; Suskic, C.D. & Cooke, S.J. 2015. Variation in parasite communities and health indices of juvenile Lepomis gibbosus across a gradient of watershed land-use and habitat quality. Ecological Indicators 57: 564-572.
Daghigh Roohi, J.; Pazooki, J. & Sattari, M. 2015. The first record of Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala) in Chub, Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pisces: Teleostei) from Gamasiab River, Hamedan, Iran. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 13: 173-178.
Darvishi, G.; Noorbakhsh, J.; Dadashpour M.; Rokni M. & Golbabaei Kootenaei, F. 2015. Investigation of Qualitative Condition of Nekarud River and Tajan River by NSFWQI Index. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences 4: 85-90.
Eiras, J.C.; Molnár, K. & Lu, Y.S. 2005. Synopsis of the species of Myxobolus Bütschli, 1882 (Myxozoa: Myxosporea: Myxobolidae). Systematic Parasitology 61: 1-46
Esmaeili, H.R.; Coad, B.W.; Mehraban, H.R.; Masoudi, M.; Khaefi, R.; Abbasi, K.; Mostafavi, H. & Vatandoust, S. 2014. An updated checklist of fishes of the Caspian Sea basin of Iran with a note on their zoogeography. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 1(3): 152-184.
Esmaeili, H.R., Mehraban, H., Abbasi, K., Keivany, Y. & Coad, B. W. 2017. Review and updated checklist of freshwater fishes of Iran: taxonomy, distribution and conservation status. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 4(Suppl. 1): 1-114.
Fernando, C.H.; Furtado, J.I.; Gussev, A.V.; Hanek, G. & Kakong, S.A. 1972. Methods for the Study of Freshwater Fish Parasites. University of Waterloo, Biology Series.
Freyhof, J. 2014. Squalius cephalus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e. T61205A19009224. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1. RLTS. T61205A 1900 9224.en.
Galli, P.; Crosa, G.; Mariniello, L.; Ortis, M. & D'Amelio S. 2001. Water quality as a determinant of the composition of fish parasite communities. Hydrobiologia 452: 173-179
Gómez, D.; Bartholomew, J. & Sunyer, J.O. 2014. Biology and mucosal immunity to myxozoans. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 43: 243-56.
Gussve, A.V. 1983. The Methods Collection and Processing of Fish Parasitic Monogenea Materials (in Russian), Nauka, Leningrad U.S.S.R. pp. 5-48.
Gussve, A.V. 1985. Parasitic metazoan monogenean in Bauer O.N (Ed). Key to Parasites of Fresh Water Fish of U.S.S.R, vol2, Nauka, Leningrad, U.S.S.R. pp. 25-240.
Hosseinifard, S.M; Youssefi, M.R. & Yaghobi A. 2014. Evaluation of fish parasite fauna in Garmrood river in Amol, summer 2011. Breeding and Aquaculture Sciences Quarterly 1: 17-22.
Khaefi, R.; Esmaeili, H.R.; Sayyadzadeh, G.; Geiger, M.F. & Freyhof, J. 2016. Squalius namak, a new chub from Lake Namak basin in Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Zootaxa 4169(1): 145-159.
Kennedy, C.R. 1997. Freshwater fish parasites and environmental quality: an overview and caution. Parassitologia 39: 249-254.
Lester, R.J.G. 1990. Reappraisal of the use of parasites for stock identification. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 41: 855-864.
Lom. J. & Dykova, I. 1992. Protozoan Parasites of Fishes. Elsevier science publishers, the Netherlands, 10-125.
Maceda-Veiga, A. & de Sostoa, A. 2011. Observational evidence of the sensitivity of some fish species to environmental stressors in Mediterranean rivers. Ecological Indicators 11: 311-317.
Marcogliese, D.J.; Gendron, A.D.; Plante, C.; Fournier, M. & Cyr, D. 2006. Parasites of spottail shiners (Notropis hudsonius) in the St. Lawrence River: effects of municipal effluents and habitat. Canadian Journal of Zoology 84: 1461-1481.
Masoumian, M. & Pazooki, J. 1999. Myxosporean parasites from some fishes of Mazandarn and Guilan Provinces. Journal of Iranian Fisheries Sciences 7: 57-74. (In Persian)
Mehdipour, M.; Barzegar, M. & Jalali, B. 2002. Evaluation of monogeneans parasites of the fish gill in Zayandeh River. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1: 56-63.
Mirhashemi Nasab, S.F. & Pazooki, J. 2002. Identifying Crustacean parasites of some fish of Mahabad reservoir dam. Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal 11:133-148.
Mirnategh, B.; Shabanipour, N., & Sattari, M. 2017. Occurrence and intensity of parasites in Chelon aurata (Risso, 1810) and Neogobius caspius (Eichwald, 1831) (Teleostei: Perciformes) from southern Caspian Sea. International Journal of Aquatic Biology 5: 310-320.
Naseka, A.M. & Bogutskaya, N.G. 2009. Fishes of the Caspian Sea: zoogeography and updated check-list. Zoosystematica Rossica 18: 295-317.
Noei, M. R.; Ibrahimov, S. & Sattari, M. 2016. Parasitic worms of the Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897 from the southwestern shores of the Caspian Sea. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 2: 287-295.
Noorbakhsh, J.; Sadati-Seyedmahalleh, E.; Darvishi, G.; Golbabaei-Kootenaei, F. & Mehrdadi, N. 2014. An Evaluation of Water Quality from Siahrod River, Haraz River and Haraz River by NSFWQI index. Current World Environment 9: 59-64.
Bychovskaya-Pavlovskaya, I.E. 1962. Key to Parasites of Freshwater Fish of the U.S.S.R, Academy of science of the USSR zoological institute, Moskva-Leningrad.
Pazooki, J. & Masoumian M. 2012. Synopsis of the Parasites in Iranian Freshwater Fishes. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 11: 570-589.
Pazooki, J. & Masoumian, M. 2004. Cryptobia acipenser and Haemogregarina acipenseris infections in Acipenser guldenstaedti and A. persicus in the Southern part of the Caspian Sea. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology 6: 95-101.
Pazooki, J.; Masoumian, M.; Yahyazadeh, M. & Abbasi, J. 2007. Metazoan Parasites from Freshwater Fishes of Northwest Iran. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology 9: 25-33
Rózsa, L.; Reiczigel, J. & Majoros, G. 2000. Quantifying parasites in samples of hosts. The Journal of Parasitology 86: 228-232.
Scholz, T. 1999. Parasites in cultured and feral fish. Veterinary Parasitology 84: 317-335.
Shokrolahi, S.; Hosseinifard, S.M.; Youssefi, M.R. & Sadough, M. 2016. Evaluation of parasite fauna in Fish of Alborz Dam. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 40: 129-131.
Mirghaed, A.T. 2017. Determination of helminth parasites in abdominal cavity of Alosa caspia (Eichwald, 1838) from the southeast part of the Caspian Sea. International Journal of Aquatic Biology 5: 336-341.
Taheri Mirghaed, A., Barzegar, M., Ebrahimzadeh Mousavi, H.A., Rahmati Holasoo, H. & Bozorgnia, A. 2017. A comparative study of parasite communities of some endemic fish species in the Alborz Dam and the Babol River in the Southern Caspian Sea basin, Mazandaran Province. International Journal of Aquatic Biology 5: 401-407.
Tavares-Dias, M.; Oliveira, M.S.B.; Gonçalves, R.A. & Neves, L.R. 2017. Parasitic diversity of a wild Satanoperca jurupari population, an ornamental cichlid in the Brazilian Amazon. Acta Amazonica 47: 155-162.
Woo, P. 1999. Protozoan and Metazoan Infections. Vol., ABI pub. London, U.K. 775 p.
Youssefi, M.R.; Habibnejad Roushan, R. & Hosseinifard S. M. 2016. Parasitic fauna of Gobiidae in Mazandaran coastal zones, north of Iran 2011. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 40: 273-276.
Zakeri, H. 1997. Water catchment area of the Caspian Sea. Abangan, Student Quarterly of the Water Engineering Faculty of Khajeh Nassir ud-Din Tousi 1997(12).
References
Balestrieri, A.; Prigioni, C.; Remonti, L.; Sgrosso, S. & Priore, G. 2006. Feeding ecology of Leuciscus cephalus and Rutilus rubilio in southern Italy. Italian Journal of Zoology 73: 129-135.
Barber, I. & Dingemanse, N.J. 2010. Parasitism and the evolutionary ecology of animal personality. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 365: 4077-4088.
Biswas, J. & Pramanik, S. 2016. Assessment of aquatic environmental quality using Gyrodactylus sp. as a living probe. Journal of Advance Environ Health Research 9(4): 219-226.
Chapman, J.M.; Marcogliese, D.J.; Suskic, C.D. & Cooke, S.J. 2015. Variation in parasite communities and health indices of juvenile Lepomis gibbosus across a gradient of watershed land-use and habitat quality. Ecological Indicators 57: 564-572.
Daghigh Roohi, J.; Pazooki, J. & Sattari, M. 2015. The first record of Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala) in Chub, Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pisces: Teleostei) from Gamasiab River, Hamedan, Iran. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 13: 173-178.
Darvishi, G.; Noorbakhsh, J.; Dadashpour M.; Rokni M. & Golbabaei Kootenaei, F. 2015. Investigation of Qualitative Condition of Nekarud River and Tajan River by NSFWQI Index. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences 4: 85-90.
Eiras, J.C.; Molnár, K. & Lu, Y.S. 2005. Synopsis of the species of Myxobolus Bütschli, 1882 (Myxozoa: Myxosporea: Myxobolidae). Systematic Parasitology 61: 1-46
Esmaeili, H.R.; Coad, B.W.; Mehraban, H.R.; Masoudi, M.; Khaefi, R.; Abbasi, K.; Mostafavi, H. & Vatandoust, S. 2014. An updated checklist of fishes of the Caspian Sea basin of Iran with a note on their zoogeography. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 1(3): 152-184.
Esmaeili, H.R., Mehraban, H., Abbasi, K., Keivany, Y. & Coad, B. W. 2017. Review and updated checklist of freshwater fishes of Iran: taxonomy, distribution and conservation status. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 4(Suppl. 1): 1-114.
Fernando, C.H.; Furtado, J.I.; Gussev, A.V.; Hanek, G. & Kakong, S.A. 1972. Methods for the Study of Freshwater Fish Parasites. University of Waterloo, Biology Series.
Freyhof, J. 2014. Squalius cephalus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e. T61205A19009224. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1. RLTS. T61205A 1900 9224.en.
Galli, P.; Crosa, G.; Mariniello, L.; Ortis, M. & D'Amelio S. 2001. Water quality as a determinant of the composition of fish parasite communities. Hydrobiologia 452: 173-179
Gómez, D.; Bartholomew, J. & Sunyer, J.O. 2014. Biology and mucosal immunity to myxozoans. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 43: 243-56.
Gussve, A.V. 1983. The Methods Collection and Processing of Fish Parasitic Monogenea Materials (in Russian), Nauka, Leningrad U.S.S.R. pp. 5-48.
Gussve, A.V. 1985. Parasitic metazoan monogenean in Bauer O.N (Ed). Key to Parasites of Fresh Water Fish of U.S.S.R, vol2, Nauka, Leningrad, U.S.S.R. pp. 25-240.
Hosseinifard, S.M; Youssefi, M.R. & Yaghobi A. 2014. Evaluation of fish parasite fauna in Garmrood river in Amol, summer 2011. Breeding and Aquaculture Sciences Quarterly 1: 17-22.
Khaefi, R.; Esmaeili, H.R.; Sayyadzadeh, G.; Geiger, M.F. & Freyhof, J. 2016. Squalius namak, a new chub from Lake Namak basin in Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Zootaxa 4169(1): 145-159.
Kennedy, C.R. 1997. Freshwater fish parasites and environmental quality: an overview and caution. Parassitologia 39: 249-254.
Lester, R.J.G. 1990. Reappraisal of the use of parasites for stock identification. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 41: 855-864.
Lom. J. & Dykova, I. 1992. Protozoan Parasites of Fishes. Elsevier science publishers, the Netherlands, 10-125.
Maceda-Veiga, A. & de Sostoa, A. 2011. Observational evidence of the sensitivity of some fish species to environmental stressors in Mediterranean rivers. Ecological Indicators 11: 311-317.
Marcogliese, D.J.; Gendron, A.D.; Plante, C.; Fournier, M. & Cyr, D. 2006. Parasites of spottail shiners (Notropis hudsonius) in the St. Lawrence River: effects of municipal effluents and habitat. Canadian Journal of Zoology 84: 1461-1481.
Masoumian, M. & Pazooki, J. 1999. Myxosporean parasites from some fishes of Mazandarn and Guilan Provinces. Journal of Iranian Fisheries Sciences 7: 57-74. (In Persian)
Mehdipour, M.; Barzegar, M. & Jalali, B. 2002. Evaluation of monogeneans parasites of the fish gill in Zayandeh River. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1: 56-63.
Mirhashemi Nasab, S.F. & Pazooki, J. 2002. Identifying Crustacean parasites of some fish of Mahabad reservoir dam. Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal 11:133-148.
Mirnategh, B.; Shabanipour, N., & Sattari, M. 2017. Occurrence and intensity of parasites in Chelon aurata (Risso, 1810) and Neogobius caspius (Eichwald, 1831) (Teleostei: Perciformes) from southern Caspian Sea. International Journal of Aquatic Biology 5: 310-320.
Naseka, A.M. & Bogutskaya, N.G. 2009. Fishes of the Caspian Sea: zoogeography and updated check-list. Zoosystematica Rossica 18: 295-317.
Noei, M. R.; Ibrahimov, S. & Sattari, M. 2016. Parasitic worms of the Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897 from the southwestern shores of the Caspian Sea. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 2: 287-295.
Noorbakhsh, J.; Sadati-Seyedmahalleh, E.; Darvishi, G.; Golbabaei-Kootenaei, F. & Mehrdadi, N. 2014. An Evaluation of Water Quality from Siahrod River, Haraz River and Haraz River by NSFWQI index. Current World Environment 9: 59-64.
Bychovskaya-Pavlovskaya, I.E. 1962. Key to Parasites of Freshwater Fish of the U.S.S.R, Academy of science of the USSR zoological institute, Moskva-Leningrad.
Pazooki, J. & Masoumian M. 2012. Synopsis of the Parasites in Iranian Freshwater Fishes. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 11: 570-589.
Pazooki, J. & Masoumian, M. 2004. Cryptobia acipenser and Haemogregarina acipenseris infections in Acipenser guldenstaedti and A. persicus in the Southern part of the Caspian Sea. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology 6: 95-101.
Pazooki, J.; Masoumian, M.; Yahyazadeh, M. & Abbasi, J. 2007. Metazoan Parasites from Freshwater Fishes of Northwest Iran. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology 9: 25-33
Rózsa, L.; Reiczigel, J. & Majoros, G. 2000. Quantifying parasites in samples of hosts. The Journal of Parasitology 86: 228-232.
Scholz, T. 1999. Parasites in cultured and feral fish. Veterinary Parasitology 84: 317-335.
Shokrolahi, S.; Hosseinifard, S.M.; Youssefi, M.R. & Sadough, M. 2016. Evaluation of parasite fauna in Fish of Alborz Dam. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 40: 129-131.
Mirghaed, A.T. 2017. Determination of helminth parasites in abdominal cavity of Alosa caspia (Eichwald, 1838) from the southeast part of the Caspian Sea. International Journal of Aquatic Biology 5: 336-341.
Taheri Mirghaed, A., Barzegar, M., Ebrahimzadeh Mousavi, H.A., Rahmati Holasoo, H. & Bozorgnia, A. 2017. A comparative study of parasite communities of some endemic fish species in the Alborz Dam and the Babol River in the Southern Caspian Sea basin, Mazandaran Province. International Journal of Aquatic Biology 5: 401-407.
Tavares-Dias, M.; Oliveira, M.S.B.; Gonçalves, R.A. & Neves, L.R. 2017. Parasitic diversity of a wild Satanoperca jurupari population, an ornamental cichlid in the Brazilian Amazon. Acta Amazonica 47: 155-162.
Woo, P. 1999. Protozoan and Metazoan Infections. Vol., ABI pub. London, U.K. 775 p.
Youssefi, M.R.; Habibnejad Roushan, R. & Hosseinifard S. M. 2016. Parasitic fauna of Gobiidae in Mazandaran coastal zones, north of Iran 2011. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 40: 273-276.
Zakeri, H. 1997. Water catchment area of the Caspian Sea. Abangan, Student Quarterly of the Water Engineering Faculty of Khajeh Nassir ud-Din Tousi 1997(12).
Barber, I. & Dingemanse, N.J. 2010. Parasitism and the evolutionary ecology of animal personality. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 365: 4077-4088.
Biswas, J. & Pramanik, S. 2016. Assessment of aquatic environmental quality using Gyrodactylus sp. as a living probe. Journal of Advance Environ Health Research 9(4): 219-226.
Chapman, J.M.; Marcogliese, D.J.; Suskic, C.D. & Cooke, S.J. 2015. Variation in parasite communities and health indices of juvenile Lepomis gibbosus across a gradient of watershed land-use and habitat quality. Ecological Indicators 57: 564-572.
Daghigh Roohi, J.; Pazooki, J. & Sattari, M. 2015. The first record of Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala) in Chub, Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pisces: Teleostei) from Gamasiab River, Hamedan, Iran. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 13: 173-178.
Darvishi, G.; Noorbakhsh, J.; Dadashpour M.; Rokni M. & Golbabaei Kootenaei, F. 2015. Investigation of Qualitative Condition of Nekarud River and Tajan River by NSFWQI Index. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences 4: 85-90.
Eiras, J.C.; Molnár, K. & Lu, Y.S. 2005. Synopsis of the species of Myxobolus Bütschli, 1882 (Myxozoa: Myxosporea: Myxobolidae). Systematic Parasitology 61: 1-46
Esmaeili, H.R.; Coad, B.W.; Mehraban, H.R.; Masoudi, M.; Khaefi, R.; Abbasi, K.; Mostafavi, H. & Vatandoust, S. 2014. An updated checklist of fishes of the Caspian Sea basin of Iran with a note on their zoogeography. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 1(3): 152-184.
Esmaeili, H.R., Mehraban, H., Abbasi, K., Keivany, Y. & Coad, B. W. 2017. Review and updated checklist of freshwater fishes of Iran: taxonomy, distribution and conservation status. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 4(Suppl. 1): 1-114.
Fernando, C.H.; Furtado, J.I.; Gussev, A.V.; Hanek, G. & Kakong, S.A. 1972. Methods for the Study of Freshwater Fish Parasites. University of Waterloo, Biology Series.
Freyhof, J. 2014. Squalius cephalus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e. T61205A19009224. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1. RLTS. T61205A 1900 9224.en.
Galli, P.; Crosa, G.; Mariniello, L.; Ortis, M. & D'Amelio S. 2001. Water quality as a determinant of the composition of fish parasite communities. Hydrobiologia 452: 173-179
Gómez, D.; Bartholomew, J. & Sunyer, J.O. 2014. Biology and mucosal immunity to myxozoans. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 43: 243-56.
Gussve, A.V. 1983. The Methods Collection and Processing of Fish Parasitic Monogenea Materials (in Russian), Nauka, Leningrad U.S.S.R. pp. 5-48.
Gussve, A.V. 1985. Parasitic metazoan monogenean in Bauer O.N (Ed). Key to Parasites of Fresh Water Fish of U.S.S.R, vol2, Nauka, Leningrad, U.S.S.R. pp. 25-240.
Hosseinifard, S.M; Youssefi, M.R. & Yaghobi A. 2014. Evaluation of fish parasite fauna in Garmrood river in Amol, summer 2011. Breeding and Aquaculture Sciences Quarterly 1: 17-22.
Khaefi, R.; Esmaeili, H.R.; Sayyadzadeh, G.; Geiger, M.F. & Freyhof, J. 2016. Squalius namak, a new chub from Lake Namak basin in Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Zootaxa 4169(1): 145-159.
Kennedy, C.R. 1997. Freshwater fish parasites and environmental quality: an overview and caution. Parassitologia 39: 249-254.
Lester, R.J.G. 1990. Reappraisal of the use of parasites for stock identification. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 41: 855-864.
Lom. J. & Dykova, I. 1992. Protozoan Parasites of Fishes. Elsevier science publishers, the Netherlands, 10-125.
Maceda-Veiga, A. & de Sostoa, A. 2011. Observational evidence of the sensitivity of some fish species to environmental stressors in Mediterranean rivers. Ecological Indicators 11: 311-317.
Marcogliese, D.J.; Gendron, A.D.; Plante, C.; Fournier, M. & Cyr, D. 2006. Parasites of spottail shiners (Notropis hudsonius) in the St. Lawrence River: effects of municipal effluents and habitat. Canadian Journal of Zoology 84: 1461-1481.
Masoumian, M. & Pazooki, J. 1999. Myxosporean parasites from some fishes of Mazandarn and Guilan Provinces. Journal of Iranian Fisheries Sciences 7: 57-74. (In Persian)
Mehdipour, M.; Barzegar, M. & Jalali, B. 2002. Evaluation of monogeneans parasites of the fish gill in Zayandeh River. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1: 56-63.
Mirhashemi Nasab, S.F. & Pazooki, J. 2002. Identifying Crustacean parasites of some fish of Mahabad reservoir dam. Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal 11:133-148.
Mirnategh, B.; Shabanipour, N., & Sattari, M. 2017. Occurrence and intensity of parasites in Chelon aurata (Risso, 1810) and Neogobius caspius (Eichwald, 1831) (Teleostei: Perciformes) from southern Caspian Sea. International Journal of Aquatic Biology 5: 310-320.
Naseka, A.M. & Bogutskaya, N.G. 2009. Fishes of the Caspian Sea: zoogeography and updated check-list. Zoosystematica Rossica 18: 295-317.
Noei, M. R.; Ibrahimov, S. & Sattari, M. 2016. Parasitic worms of the Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897 from the southwestern shores of the Caspian Sea. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 2: 287-295.
Noorbakhsh, J.; Sadati-Seyedmahalleh, E.; Darvishi, G.; Golbabaei-Kootenaei, F. & Mehrdadi, N. 2014. An Evaluation of Water Quality from Siahrod River, Haraz River and Haraz River by NSFWQI index. Current World Environment 9: 59-64.
Bychovskaya-Pavlovskaya, I.E. 1962. Key to Parasites of Freshwater Fish of the U.S.S.R, Academy of science of the USSR zoological institute, Moskva-Leningrad.
Pazooki, J. & Masoumian M. 2012. Synopsis of the Parasites in Iranian Freshwater Fishes. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 11: 570-589.
Pazooki, J. & Masoumian, M. 2004. Cryptobia acipenser and Haemogregarina acipenseris infections in Acipenser guldenstaedti and A. persicus in the Southern part of the Caspian Sea. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology 6: 95-101.
Pazooki, J.; Masoumian, M.; Yahyazadeh, M. & Abbasi, J. 2007. Metazoan Parasites from Freshwater Fishes of Northwest Iran. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology 9: 25-33
Rózsa, L.; Reiczigel, J. & Majoros, G. 2000. Quantifying parasites in samples of hosts. The Journal of Parasitology 86: 228-232.
Scholz, T. 1999. Parasites in cultured and feral fish. Veterinary Parasitology 84: 317-335.
Shokrolahi, S.; Hosseinifard, S.M.; Youssefi, M.R. & Sadough, M. 2016. Evaluation of parasite fauna in Fish of Alborz Dam. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 40: 129-131.
Mirghaed, A.T. 2017. Determination of helminth parasites in abdominal cavity of Alosa caspia (Eichwald, 1838) from the southeast part of the Caspian Sea. International Journal of Aquatic Biology 5: 336-341.
Taheri Mirghaed, A., Barzegar, M., Ebrahimzadeh Mousavi, H.A., Rahmati Holasoo, H. & Bozorgnia, A. 2017. A comparative study of parasite communities of some endemic fish species in the Alborz Dam and the Babol River in the Southern Caspian Sea basin, Mazandaran Province. International Journal of Aquatic Biology 5: 401-407.
Tavares-Dias, M.; Oliveira, M.S.B.; Gonçalves, R.A. & Neves, L.R. 2017. Parasitic diversity of a wild Satanoperca jurupari population, an ornamental cichlid in the Brazilian Amazon. Acta Amazonica 47: 155-162.
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